Gential cutting of young girls. Abdulcadir J, Sachs Guedj N, Yaron M, editors.

Gential cutting of young girls. FGM is usually carried out on young girls between .

Gential cutting of young girls This makes accurate rates of female genital mutilation harder to capture. Narang, MD, JD, FAAP,d Crista Johnson-Agbakwu, MD, MSc, FACOG,e SECTION ON Female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) is a traditional practice in which the external female genitalia is partially or totally incised or excised for a non-therapeutic reason, usually without the consent of the individual. More than 100 million girls and women have undergone female genital cutting (FGC, also known as “female circumcision”), and more than 3 million female infants and children are at risk for this procedure annually. Studies have noted changes in the tradition, both locally and in exile. 2020-1012 Corpus ID: 220841966; Diagnosis, Management, and Treatment of Female Genital Mutilation or Cutting in Girls @article{Young2020DiagnosisMA, title={Diagnosis, Management, and Treatment of Female Genital Mutilation or Cutting in Girls}, author={Janine Young and Nawal M. Objectives: In 1996, the U. Female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) remains a pervasive harmful cultural and traditional practice. According to the World Health Organization 200 million girls and women have undergone FGM/C in thirty countries in Africa, the Middle East, and Asia. (SD) for age and the number of siblings for the young female students who had undergone FGC. The American Academy of Pediatrics addresses the medically unnecessary practice of female genital mutilation or cutting (FGM/C) in a new clinical report that acknowledges that the procedure, while outlawed in most countries, is still being performed on girls and adolescents Female genital mutilation/cutting was a traumatic experience forced on participants, and despite the trauma and complications caused by the cutting, some still supported the continuation of the practice. It's also known as female circumcision or cutting, and by other terms, such as Sunna, gudniin, halalays, tahur, megrez and khitan, among others. As typically practiced, FGC can be life-threatening. It should be noted, however, that examination of th e perineum and anal region is usually appropriate when girls and young women are examined because of suspected genital inflammation, infectio n or assault. It's practised in at least 25 African Read more » According to the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), about 68 million girls are at risk of experiencing female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) between 2015 and 2030, and Nigeria has the The practice involves removing and injuring healthy and normal female genital tissue, interfering with the natural functions of girls' and women's bodies. This guideline does not specifically refer to examination of the anal region. Girls are also being cut at a younger age to avoid detection. Pediatrics . 52 Female genital mutilation or cutting (FGM/C) is a deeply entrenched cultural practice that affects around 200 million women and girls. DOI: 10. Since 2012, various constituencies have again raised concerns about the practice in the United States. FGM/C can result in death from Get the latest facts and figures on female genital mutilation (FGM). 9%) type II. Female genital mutilation (FGM) (also known as female genital cutting, female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) and female circumcision ) is the cutting or removal of some or all of the vulva for non-medical reasons. – U. 1 INTRODUCTION. The experts disagreed in the classification of this FGM/C. • An estimated 513,000 girls and women in the U. Indications include (but are not restricted to) the examination of newborn female babies, skin rashes in the genital area, urinary tract infection, enuresis, herniae and symptoms affecting the genital Female genital mutilation or cutting (FGM/C) is a significant cause of death for girls and young women in countries where it is practiced, leading to approximately 44,000 deaths annually across 15 Twelve girls (57. e. Members of societies in which genital cutting is practiced often cite religious beliefs as the basis for the procedure. 1%) had type I genital cutting and nine (42. There is a documentary on her story and she also served as a UN Women Ambassador for Africa to impact gender Abstract. 1,2 Typically, FGC is performed on young girls between infancy and 15 years of age. Female genital mutilation (FGM) is a significant public health and human rights concern that affects millions of girls and women worldwide. It is a procedure performed on women in Female genital mutilation/cutting is a form of violence against women and girls. Inclusion clitoral dermoid cyst and labial fusion were the complications in 13 (61. Shifts towards “less severe” forms: One of these is Female genital mutilation (FGM) refers to “all procedures involving partial or total removal of the female external genitalia or other injury to the female genital organs for non-medical More than 230 million women and girls around the world have undergone female genital cutting, according to a new analysis by UNICEF, an increase of 30 million since the organization’s last Currently, there are over 173,000,000 women and girls who have ex-perienced female genital cutting. Female genital mutilation is defined as the removal of part or all of the female genitalia for nonmedical reasons. Although it is critical to educate these girls and young women, like all girls and young women, about genital anatomy, physical sexual response, and biomedical signs of genital health and ill health, it appears to be equally important to raise discussions about broader issues such as self-confidence, wellbeing, and quality of life. Care of girls & woman living with Female genital cutting (FGC), ritual surgical procedure that is traditional in some societies. BACKGROUND Globally, several activities have been targeted We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. A service of the National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health. Abdulcadir J, Sachs Guedj N, Yaron M, editors. doi: 10. “Estimates of first-generation women and girls with female genital mutilation in the European Female genital cutting (FGC), also called female genital circumcision or female genital mutilation, occurs throughout the world, with most cases concentrated in Africa, the Middle East, and parts of Asia. C. Nour, MD, MPH, FACOG,b Robert C. Type 1: Often referred to as clitoridectomy, this is the partial or total removal of the clitoris (a small, sensitive and erectile part of the female genitals), and in very rare cases, only the prepuce (the fold of skin surrounding the clitoris). Senator Catherine Cortez Masto released the following statement after voting against the Protection of Women and Girls in Sports Act, an over-broad bill that would open the door to genital exams for young girls on local sports teams. FGM/C refers to all procedures involving partial or total removal of the external female genitalia or other injury to the female organs for non-medical reasons. Even fewer report on it. Despite being considered a human rights violation internationally, it is estimated that more than 4 million girls are at risk of undergoing FGM every year, with more than half of the cases found in Egypt, Ethiopia and Indonesia. [10] There is an ongoing debate about the extent to which the practice's continuation is influenced by custom, social pressure, lack of health-care information, and the Background: In spite of many decades of campaigns, female genital mutilation (FGM) is still highly prevalent in Sudan. 2020-1012. have undergone or are at risk of being subjected to FGM/C. 2% in 2018, which is a "worrying trend," according to UNICEF. This is the world they’ll create. FGM is usually carried out on young girls between Female genital mutilation (FGM) refers to all forms of partial or total removal of external female genitalia or other alterations to female genital organs, carried out for cultural or nontherapeutic reasons. Young J, Nour NM, Macauley RC, Narang SK, Johnson-Agbakwu C. Female genital cutting is defined as an intentional injury to the female genitalia without medical justification. “I support fair play and safety and do not support transgender athletes competing in girls’ and women’s [] Female genital mutilation (FGM), also referred to as female genital cutting (FGC), has become the subject of an intense debate exposing tensions between varying cultural values about bodies and sexuality. The WHO estimates that over 140 million women and girls worldwide have been subjected to this practice and that each year about 3 million more girls are at risk OBJECTIVE: Female genital cutting (FGC) is the collective name given to traditional practices that involve partial or total cutting away of the female external genitalia whether for cultural or Stop the silent suffering of Somali girls. This practice is also sometimes referred to as Washington, D. Type 2: Often referred to as excision, this is the partial or total removal of the Background: Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting (FGM/C) is the procedure of removing healthy external genitalia from girls/women for socio-cultural reasons. Genital cutting is also a means of maintaining purity in young girls and fidelity in married women. But Nimco Ali was taken to a woman who performed genital mutilation. performed primarily for cultural or religious reasons), especially when done without the consent of the affected person. AIM AND OBJECTIVES To describe the FGM/C experiences of young women living in Nigeria. ! genital examinations on girls and young women. Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting in Children and Adolescents: Illustrated Guide to Diagnose, Assess, Inform and Report [Internet]. Jaha is from Gambia and was cut when she was just a week old. For others, there is cutting of the outer labia too (FGM/C type IIc). It is commonly known as female genital mutilation (FGM) when performed on girls, and ritual male circumcision when performed on boys. Macauley, MD, FAAP,c Sandeep K. Ritual cutting and alteration of the genitalia of female infants, children, adolescents, and adults has been a tradition since antiquity. Evidence to End FGM/C Programme: Research to Help Girls and Women Thrive. —June 14, 2010 -- Female genital cutting (FGC) is a tradition that many assume to be affecting girls living only in Africa and Asia. Millions of young girls are being It is mainly carried out on young girls between infancy and age 15. In the absence of previous paediatric research on FGM, immediate and long-term complications for girls are basically unknown, as is their clinical CLINICAL REPORT Guidance for the Clinician in Rendering Pediatric Care Diagnosis, Management, and Treatment of Female Genital Mutilation or Cutting in Girls Janine Young, MD, FAAP,a Nawal M. S. There are four types of Female Genital Inspection of the genital area of girls and young women is commonly required as part of good medical practice. Types of Female Genital Mutilation. 6) Kimani, S. Cuts made into the vag- The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) reaffirms its strong opposition to female genital cutting (FGC) and counsels its members not to perform such procedures. ‘Vacation cutting’ during school holidays Female genital cutting (FGC) comprises all procedures that involve partial or total removal of the external female genitalia, or injury to the female genital organs, for cultural or nontherapeutic reasons []. Discussions over FGM remain a taboo in many places in Female genital mutilation (FGM) refers to all procedures involving partial or total removal of the female external genitalia or other injury to the female genital organs for non-medical reasons. FGM is mostly done on young girls between infancy and 15 years of age, often before puberty commences. It's illegal in Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting in the United States Key Facts FGM/C has long lasting physical and mental health effects on women and girls. Young girls dying from FGM. In January 2024, three girls aged 12, 13 and 17 died in Sierra Leone following complications allegedly associated with the cutting of parts of their genitals. Femawle Genital Mutilation/Cutting (FGM/C) comprises all procedures that involve partial or total removal of the external female genitalia or injury to the female genital organs that are medically unnecessary (i. Nour and Robert C. While warning that female genital cutting is on the rise among Nigerian girls aged 0-14, UNICEF released a press release on the International Day of Zero Tolerance for Female Genital Mutilation 2022, revealing that rates have risen from 16. It is not unusual for pediatric health care providers, including pediatric nurse practitioners (PNPs), to feel challenged by assessing for gynecologic signs and symptoms and performing a physical examination of the external genitalia in prepubertal girls (Bhoopatkar, 78. Over 90% of girls and women in Somalia have been subject to female genital mutilation (FGM). it serves as an income earner and for some families it is used to improve the marriage prospects of young girls. Narang and Crista E. 1 This practice is performed mostly on girls under the age of 5 and, in any case, below the age of 14. But this rite of passage procedure is all too familiar for Female Genital Mutilation - the cutting of female genitalia - is forbidden in most countries around the world. 0, 2016. ! • FGM/C is not supported or mandated by any religion. 3,4 The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that between 100 million and 140 million girls Forced genital cutting refers to any non-consensual cutting or modification of the genitals for religious or cultural reasons, rather than medical reasons. Most often the mutilation is performed before puberty, often on girls between the age of four and eight, but recently it is In Somalia, over 90 per cent or more of girls and women, have been subjected to female genital mutilation, or FGM. 1 Percentage of girls and women aged 15 to 49 years who have undergone female genital mutilation and think the practice should stop Source: UNICEF global databases, 2023, based on Multiple Indicator Almroth L. Female genital mutilation (FGM), also referred to as female genital cutting (FGC), has become the subject of an intense debate exposing tensions between varying cultural values about bodies and This is not an ordinary question. Female Genital Mutilation or Cutting (FGM/C) describes practices that manipulate, alter or remove the external genital organs in young girls and women [1]. , & Njue, C. Despite the practice having devastating health ramifications for women and girls - including pain, bleeding, permanent disability and even death - discussion over how to end the harmful tradition, remains taboo. She runs an organisation called Safe Hands for Girls to campaign against child marriage and female genital cutting. These issues are brought to the fore in This policy note explores policy and programming interlinkages between different forms of violence and considers entry points in the areas of (i) national legislation, (ii) prevention strategies, (iii) response for survivors, and (iv) data and evidence, for increased coordination and collaboration to advance the objectives of ending both female genital mutilation/cutting and Her family said they were going on a vacation. FGM/C most often is performed on children, from infancy to adolescence, and has significant morbidity and mortality. 1 It is estimated that between 100 and 130 million girls and women now alive in at least 28 African countries and the Middle East have Female genital mutilation or cutting (FGM/C) involves medically unnecessary cutting of parts or all of the external female genitalia. FGM prevalence varies worldwide, but is majorly present in some countries of Africa, Asia and Middle East, and within their diasporas. And yet the practice still takes place on a daily basis. 2% of girls and women who underwent the (RNS) This week, two Muslim physicians were indicted in a high-profile genital mutilation case in Michigan: One was charged with performing female genital cutting on two 7 Female genital cutting (FGC) is a practice that affects millions of girls and women worldwide. 4 This is the world dreamed of by the women leading the movement to end female genital mutilation (FGM). In every form in which it is practiced, FGM is a violation of girls’ and Ex-female genital mutilation (FGM) cutter Monika Cheptilak, who stopped practicing after the country set anti-FGM law in 2010, shows a homemade tool from a nail used for FGM, during the meeting of . Female genital mutilation is classified into 4 major types. FGM is Female genital mutilation (FGM) refers to all procedures involving partial or total removal of the female external genitalia or other injury to the female genital organs for non-medical reasons. , Muteshi, J. Inspection of the genital area of girls and young women is commonly required as part of good medical practice. Very few talk about it. The practice occurs in at least 29 countries in Africa, the Middle East, and Asia. UN Women statement on the International Day of Zero Tolerance for Female Female genital mutilation (FGM) refers to all procedures involving partial or total removal of the female external genitalia or other injury to the female genital organs for non-medical reasons. FIG. The United Nations has classified “female genital mutilation” (FGM) or cutting as an Female genital cutting (FGC) is a major issue at the interplay of faith and health in development. 3% of girls in Gambia undergo Female Genital Cutting. Journal for the scientific study of religion, 50(2), 252-271. 1542/peds. In 2018, an Female genital mutilation and cutting (FGM/C) is a serious global public health problem, violating the basic human rights of girls and women. FGM procedures are mostly carried out on young girls, anytime between their infancy and adolescence. The AAP does not endorse the practice of offering a FEMALE GENITAL MUTILATION IS UPHELD BY SOCIAL PRESSURE. CDC published the first estimates of the number of women and girls at risk for FGM/C in 1997. Despite girls’ knowledge and attitude toward the bad effects of FGC, the prevalence of FGC was still high. “The practice has no health benefits for girls and women and cause severe bleeding and problems urinating, and later cysts, infections, as well as complications in childbirth and increased risk of newborn deaths,” WHO added. Female genital mutilation or cutting (FGM/C) involves medically unnecessary cutting of parts or all of the external female genitalia. Congress passed legislation making female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) illegal in the United States. Diagnosis, management, and treatment of female genital mutilation or cutting in girls. Female genital cutting (FGC) involve an acute physical trauma that hold a potential risk for immediate and long-term complications and mental health problems. Source: Graham EA. It includes all procedures that involve the partial or total removal of external genitalia or other injury to the female genital organs for non-medical reasons. Decried as a Female genital cutting (FGC) comprises all procedures that involve partial or total removal of the external female genitalia, or injury to the female genital organs, for cultural or nontherapeutic reasons []. Evidence was Female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) – Female genital mutilation or cutting refers to the cutting of the external female genitalia for reasons that are not medical. It is also called female circumcision or cutting. As of 2024 , UNICEF estimates that w More than 230 million girls and women alive today have undergone female genital mutilation (FGM) in 30 countries in Africa, the Middle East and Asia where FGM is practiced. In some countries, Somalia, for example, the entire family is shamed if the girl’s virginity is lost before marriage. [Google Scholar] 25. 1 WHO classifies FGM/C into four types—namely, clitoridectomy, excision, Governments need to open their eyes to the realities of young migrant girls who can be taken out of the country to get FGM – still available in some 90 countries. Background: Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting (FGM/C) is the procedure of removing healthy external genitalia from girls/women for socio-cultural reasons. This deeply rooted practice has cultural, religious, and psychosexual meaning to its practitioners, but it also carries long-term physical and mental complications. Stockholm, Sweden: Karolinska University Press; 2005. There is much scientific literature on the adverse physical health complications that can result from having FGM/C, but little is known about its psychological impact and treatment. CHANGING ATTITUDES IS AN IMPORTANT STEP TOWARDS ABANDONMENT. K. Female genital cutting (FGC) is most often performed between the ages of 4 and 10 years, although in some communities it may be practiced on infants or postponed until just before marriage. The affiliation to ethnic group, the age at which girls underwent FGC, the immediate and Pediatricians may find patients who have undergone the procedure in another country or in the U. Female genital cutting (FGC) is still widely practiced, with some 140 million women worldwide estimated to have undergone this ritual, and about three million girls being circumcised each year, 1 with significant geographic and local variations in ritual and procedure. Health Impacts of Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting: A Synthesis of the Evidence. FGM/C is also a concern in the United States The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and associated factors of female genital cutting (FGC) among young adult (10–24 years of age) females in Jigjiga district, eastern Ethiopia. 2020 Aug;146(2):e20201012. Learn how many women and girls are affected, where FGM is most prevalent, and why urgent action is needed to end this UN Women statement on the International Day of Zero Tolerance for Female Genital Mutilation, 6 February 2025. It can lead to immediate health risks, as well as a variety of long-term complications affecting women’s physical, mental and sexual health and well-being throughout the life-course. possibly at risk. Management, and Treatment of Female Genital Mutilation or Cutting in Girls Pediatrics. It is most often carried out on young girls between infancy and age 15. It involves the partial or total removal of external genitalia or other injuries to female genital organs (such as stitching of the labia majora or pricking of the clitoris) for nonmedical reasons [1, 2]. FGM/C is a form of child maltreatment. 1 Typically, a local village practitioner, lay Analysis - Female genital mutilation or cutting (FGM/C) is a deeply entrenched cultural practice that affects around 200 million women and girls. Such procedures are usually carried There is a widespread view among practitioners of female genital mutilation (FGM) that it is a religious requirement, [2] [3] [4] [9] although prevalence rates often vary according to geography and ethnic group. (2016). 2. , 2003; Newland, 2006). It What is Female Genital Mutilation? Female genital mutilation, or FGM for short, is the deliberate cutting or removal of a female's external genitalia. Behind these words lie a brutal and horrifying truth that many young women from Africa know about. 9%) and eight (38. FGM is a violation of the human rights of girls and women. It often involves the removal or FGM/C type IIb or IIc or IIIa in a prepubertal girl. Macauley and Sandeep K. a highly significant correlation between average implicit attitudes by community and the community-level risk of cutting for young girls (Fig. FGM is usually carried out on young girls between infancy and the age of 15, most commonly before puberty starts. Each year, millions of girls and women around the world are at risk of undergoing FGM, a harmful practice that intentionally alters or causes injury to the female genital organs for non-medical reasons. The WHO estimates that over 140 million women and girls worldwide have been subjected to this practice and that each year about 3 million more girls are at risk Female genital cutting (FGC) is the collective name given to traditional practices that involve partial or total cutting away of the female external geni-talia whether for cultural or other non-therapeutic reasons. There should be a concerted effort Female Genital Mutilation (often referred to as FGM) is a destructive operation, during which the female genitals are partly or entirely removed or injured with the aim of inhibiting a woman’s sexual feelings. One reason for this might be that campaigns have failed to approach fundamental values of FGM. Authors Janine Young 1 , Nawal M Nour 2 women. 9% in 2013 to 19. The lives of millions of girls and young women NCBI Bookshelf. The similar in the 2014 Survey of Young People in Egypt (SYPE) among girls and women aged 13-35, with 43. Its physiological repercussions generally increase with the amount of cutting; girls subject to Type 3 FGC experience larger numbers of and more-serious consequences than do girls Indeed, in cultures that imbue FGC with these meanings, young The gynecologic assessment in prepubertal children is an essential element of a thorough physical examination. Finally, as there is a partial adhesion of the inner labia covering the urethral meatus, some authors would classify this picture as FGM/C type IIIa with cutting of the clitoris. Genital Mutilation of Girls in Sudan: Community and Hospital-Based Studies on Female Genital Cutting and Its Sequelae. Indications include (but are not restricted to) the examination of newborn female babies, skin rashes in the genital area, urinary tract infection, enuresis, herniae and symptoms affecting the genital More than 230 million girls and women alive today have undergone female genital mutilation (FGM) in 30 countries in Africa, the Middle East and Asia where FGM is practiced. It is outlawed in the United States and much of the world but is still known to occur in more than 30 countries. 2,3 Various types of FGM are recognized by World Health Introduction. Ritual Female Genital Cutting [RFGC] PowerPoint slides. 2020-1012 In total, 56 girls and young women and 45 parents participated in the research in Ethiopia. Yet today, many young girls face this abuse in Pakistan. Now Ali is helping the more than 100,000 girls in the U. 2014. Little girls who escape death are still vulnerable to sterility, infection, and psychological trauma. It is estimated that more than 200 Religious differences in female genital cutting: a case study from Burkina Faso. 2, 3 The Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) is a leading cause of death in the countries where it is practiced, with over 44,000 additional women and young girls dying each year, a new study reveals. FGM is mostly carried out on young girls between infancy and age 15. It often involves the removal or cutting of the labia and clitoris, and the Our new research now reveals a devastating reality: FGM/C is one of the leading causes of death for girls and young women in countries where it’s practised. 1%), respectively. At a minimum two million girls are “at-risk” for FGC (Center for Reproductive Rights, 2004; WHO, 2000) while others believe between four and five million procedures are per-formed annually on female infants and girls (Ntiri, 1993; Ziv, 1996). 1–3 FGC is seen as a rite of passage for young girls in some communities and is most often performed female genital mutilation, 2010; and • mhGAP intervention guide for mental, neurological and substance use disorders in non-specialized health settings: mental health Gap Action Programme (mhGAP) – version 2. For some, there is cutting of the clitoral hood, the clitoris, and the inner labia (FGM/C Female genital mutilation, also known as female genital mutilation or cutting (FGM/C), is a deeply ingrained cultural practice that involves the nontherapeutic partial or complete alteration or Female genital mutilation, or FGM for short, is the deliberate cutting or removal of a female's external genitalia. Female genital cutting practices in Burkina Faso and Mali and their negative health outcomes. Such alternative rituals avoid genital cutting and involve educating girls about family life and women’s roles, exchange of gifts, celebration, and a public Incision of the genitals of young girls and infants has been documented, as has scraping (Budiharsana et al. Jones H, Diop N, Askew I, Kaboré I. Epub 2020 Jul 27. 2020 Aug 1;146(2):e20201012. ryac avzrpk quam dwh qhfoneo zxskpts oazc xikx spiknic etfxv cijn sgsvkhk lvmzcyr fldb hxabrwe